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Lithium is a chemical element with the symbol Li and atomic number 3.

Lithium is a soft, silver-white metal that is highly reactive. It has the lowest melting and boiling points of all metals, and its compounds have similar properties to those of other alkali metals. Lithium metal is highly flammable and burns in air to form lithium oxide. Because of its high reactivity, it is stored under oil or in an inert atmosphere.

The most common lithium compounds are lithium chloride (LiCl), lithium bromide (LiBr), lithium iodide (LiI), and lithium fluoride (LiF). These salts are colourless solids that are highly soluble in water. The other well-known form of lithium is the metal itself, which has a silvery appearance when freshly cut but tarnishes to a dull grey over time.